Capillary active agents



Patented Aug. 28, 1945 I UNHTED STATES PATENT QFFICE carmmar some AGENTS Winfrid Hentrich, Dessau-Rosslau, and Heinz Joachim Engelbrecht and Erik Schirm, Dessau, Germany; vested in the Alien Property (Justudian No Drawing. Application June 14, 1941, Serial No. 398,106. In Germany July 1940 2 Claims.

This invention relates to capillary active agents and process of making same.

{ We have found that valuable capillary active 'agents may be produced by treating organic compounds which comprise inthe molecule at least one sulphamide group and at least an aliphatic residue comprising three or more carbon atoms with acylating agents.

When carried out this proces, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic. or aromatic sulphamides or mixed types of these series comprising at least an aliphatic isooctyl-sulphamide, dodecyl-sulphamide, hexadecyl sulphamide, monochloroctadecyl sulphamide, octadecenyl sulphamide, lauroyl oxyethane-sulphamide, oleoyl-methyl-amino-ethanesulphamide, -y-octy1 oxypropyl sulphamide, 4- sec. butyl cyclohexyl sulphamide, diisobutylcyclohexyl-sulphamide, naphthenyl-sulphamide, isopropylor isobutyl-naphthalene-sulphamides, tetrahydronaphthalene p sulphamide, hexadecyl-benzol-sulphamide, 3 caproyl-amino-benzol-sulpha-mide, 3-n-octyl-sulphamino 4 chlorbenzol-sulphamide, 3-n-tetradecyl-urea benzolsulphamide, 3-hexadecyl-urethane-benzol-sulphamide, 3 diisobutyl naphthyl-sulphamino-benzol-sulphamide and the like.

According to our present invention acylating agents are caused to act on these sulphamides or their salts, especially their alkali salts. Such acylating agents are carboxylic acid halides, carboxylic acid anhydrides, chlorated carboxylic acid esters and chlorides of urea.

Suitable carboxylic acid halides or anhy drides are for instance acetyl-chloride, acetic acid anhydride, phenoxy-acetyl-chloride, 4-isooctylphenoxy-acetyl chloride, butyric acid chloride, higher molecular fatty acid halides and .their substitution products, pyromucic acid chloride, naphthenic acid chlorides, benzoyl chloride,- benzoic acid anhydride, o-cresylic acid chloride, pyridineor chinoline carboxylic acid anhydrides, oxalyl chloride, succinic acid chloride, adipic acid chloride, therepl'ithalic acid chloride, naphthalene-1,5-dicarboxylic acid chloride, thiodiglycolic acid chloride, diglycolic acid chloride, diglycolic acid anhydride, phthalic acid anhydride, isatoic acid anhydride and the like.

'In a similar way also chlorocarboxylic acid esters of aliphatic or cyclo-aliphatic hydroxyl compounds may be used, such as chlorocarbo rylic acid hexyl ester, chlorocarboxylic acid dodecyl ester, chlorocarbo'xylic acid methyl cyclohexyl ester and the like as well as urochlorides, such as for instance octyl urochloride, oleyl urochloride, benzyl urochloride, didodecyl urochlorides, dodecyl methyl urochloride and the like.

The hydrocarbon residues of the acylating agents pertaining to the aliphatic, cyclo-aliphatic or aromatic series or mixed types of these series may also comprise known hetero-atoms or groups of hetero-atoms, such as oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen, ester groups, carbonamide groups, sulphonamide groups and the like or substituents, such as halogen, hydroxyl groups, nitro groups and the like.

The reaction which is caused by the acylating agents takes place in accordance with methods that are known, optionally in the presence of indiiferent organic solvents or, if salts of the sulphamides are used also in an aqueous medium.

If necessary, the temperature may be increased to bring about the reaction and kept at and higher to complete the reaction; furthermore there may be used as far as necessary agents able to bind acid or water. As solvents which at the same time act binding on acid, pyridine may for instance be used.

For the production of sulphamides which comprise carbonamide groups, such as for instance the B-(capryloyl-amino) -benzol-sulphamide, the process may also :be conducted in a, modified way by using for-instance the corresponding aminoalkylor amino-aryl sulphamides as original material and performing the acylation simultaneously on the amino group and on the amide group.

The capillary active agents produced by the process forming part of our present invention are of the general formula R.SO2.NH.CO.R'. In this formula R. denotes any desired organic residue consisting of an aliphatic residue comprising three or more carbon atoms or containing an aliphatic residue comprising three or more carbon atoms. The residue R, accordingly, may be of aliphatic, as well as of cyclo aliphatic or aromatic nature, but must always comprise an aliphatic residue having three or more carbon atoms. The residueR may also comprise oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen inthe form substituents or of hetero-atoms or groups of heteroatoms. For instance, the hydrocarbons may be interrupted by atoms of oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen and may especially also comprise: 80.0,

O.CO, NR2, CONE, NH.CO, 80:.NH, NH. SO2, CO'.NH.SO:, 802N350: groups. The residue R denotes any desired organic residue, for instance an alkyl-, cycloalky-, aralkylor aryl-resldue which may eventually be substituted. The residue B. may also comprise hetero-atoms or groups of hetero-atoms, such ronoyl-octyl-sulphamide, N-acetyl-lauryl-sulph- I amide,

N-acetyl-diisobutyl-naphthalene-sulphamide, N-propionyl-oleoyl methyl amino-ethane sulphamide, N naphthenoyl octadecenylsulphamide, N-(3-lauroyl-amino-benzol-sulphonyl) -benzamide, N-benzoyln dodecane-sulphamide, mixtures of isomeric N-acetyl-diisobutyb,

naphthalene-sulphamldes, N capryioyl hexylsulphamide, N-caprinoyl-octyl-sulphamide; N- (3- capronoyl-amino-benzol sulphonyl) capronoylamide, N- (a-capryloyl-amino-benzol-sulphonyl) capryloyl-amide, N-(3 caprinoyl-amino-benzolsulphonyl) -caprinoyl-amide, and the like.

These compounds possess surface active properties and show a considerable deterging, frothing, emulsifying and wetting ability,-even ii the hydrocarbon residues R or R contained therein are relatively still low-molecular. It is emphasized that the optimum of the deterging property is presentin suchwiompounds in which the residues R or R and R have about from 6 to 10* carbon atoms and are mainly of aliphatic nature. The compounds may advantageously be used for all deterging, cleaning, wetting, dispersing and emulsifying processes, such as are customary in the textile and washing industry, in the fur industry, in the leather industry and thelike, The products may be used as such or also in combination with known washing and cleaning agents or additions to such agents.

Products of condensation have already been made by introducing higher molecular fatty acid residues into aromatic sulphamides, for instance into the p-toluol-sulphamide and it has been stated that these compounds are suitable for the making of washing agents. As commred with these known compounds the products of condensation obtained by the process forming part of our present invention possess a better solubility in water and are of superior character as regards their surface active properties and especially as regards their washing properties. Above all, compounds with relatively low molecular fatty residues are likewise possessed of excellent washing properties.

Example 1 250 parts by weight-of n-dodecane sulphamlde and 145 parts by weightoi benzoyl-chloride are heated to a temperature of 100 until the incipient solidified mass re-dlssolved m 800 to 850 parts 4 by volume of benzene of a boiling point from '10 to 80. There will be obtained about 290 parts by weight of N-benzoyl-n-dodecane-sulphamide (=82% of theoretical) in the term 01. a colorless crystalline powder with melting point at 77. The powder dissolves clear in water by adding the necessary amount of soda, especially when applying heat; the solution is heavily irothing and possessed of a better washing property than a solution of N-lauryl-benzol-sulphamide of the same concentration.

Example 2 small quantities of undissolved constituents, the

lively development of hydrochloric acid ceases.

Thereupon the temperature is slowly raised to 140- and the reaction mixture kept at this term perature, until hydrochloric acid will no more be nitrate strongly acidulated with hydrochloric acid and in order to complete th precipitation parts by weight of common salt are added. The amorphous yellowish precipitate which is a mixture of isomeric N-acetyl-diisobutyl-naphthalene-sulphamides is filtered and dried. In a soda alkaline solution the product is an excellent wetting agent.

Instead of the acetyl chloride also acetic acid anhydride may be used. Similar substances are obtained, if monochloracetyl-chloride, chloracetic acid anhydride or chlorocarboxylic acid-isobutyl.

ester is used instead of the acetyl chloride or acetic acid anhydride.

Example 3 3 parts by weight of 3-capryl-amlno-benzolsulphamide, 2 parts by weight of caproic acid chloride and 10 parts by weight of xyiol are heated to boiling temperature, using reflux, until the development of hydrochloric acid ceases.

' Thereupon the xylol is blown off with water with water steam or removed by distillation at considerably decreased pressure. The residual mass which consists mainly of a product of condensation of the formula:

a Example 4 5 stearyl amino benzol-L3-disulphamide is boiled, using reflux, with five times the amount of acetic acid anhydride, until acetylation is completed. Thereupon the formed acetic acid and the excessive acetic acid anhydride is removed by distillation, preferably ,at reduced pressure. The residue dissolves in a warm diluted soda solution, while heavily frothing, the same as the products -according. to the" previous examples;

a,sas,sos

Example 5 86 parts by weight of metanil amide are dissolvedin 1000 partsotwaterbyadding20parts by weight 01 sodium hydroxide. A mixture of 180 parts by weight of capryiic acid chloride and 180 parts by volume of acetone is slowly stirred into the solution which had been cooled down to about 2'. Dining stirring the is. -keptat2to5and,assoonasthealkalinereaction ceases, sodium lye is gradually added so that henol-phthalein paper will steadily be col- 7 ored slightly pink. Upon introduction of the caprylic acid chloride at freezing temperature obutrianed product or condensation is o! the form z This on heating with diluted are liven on the centigrade scale.

We claim:'

1. A new capillary zoyl-n-dod I 1 2. A process for producing a capillary active normal R-bensoyl-n-dodecsne-sulphamide which comprises reacting n-dodecane-sulphamide and benzoyl-chioride by heating together at approximately 100 C. until no more hydrochloric acid is evolved, then raising the temperatin'e to approximately 140 C. to complete the evolution of h!- drochloric acid. cooling, dissolving in bennene.

and r.

wmmm BETH-ICE, HEINZ-JOAC'HDI ENG. ERIK scmrm. 

